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S No   Term   Description/Meaning in SEM       Relevant paras
 Approved Type
 10   A Design approved by RDSO/Competent authority
 of Design
 11   Assurance   Confidence in achieving a goal being pursued. Declaration intended to give confidence.   Annexure: G1
 Audio   Is a joint-less Track circuit, uses audio frequencies fed to track,  to detect the presence or  17.4.1, 17.5.2(h),
 Frequency   absence of a train.                17.5.3(d,e,f), 17.5.3,
 12
 Track Circuit                                   22.7.5(b)
 (AFTC)
 Systematic, independent, documented process for obtaining records, statements of fact or  3.5.7(a)
 13   Audit   other relevant information and assessing them objectively to determine the extent to which
 specified requirements are fulfilled.
 Means  the  person  who  is  duly  empowered  by  general  or  special  order  of  the  Railway
 Authorized
 14   Administration, either by name or by virtue of his office, to issue instructions or to do any
 Officer
 other thing.
 Authority To   Means the authority given to the Loco Pilot of a train, under the system of working, to enter
 15
 Proceed   the block section with his train
 16   Automatic   A system that enforces compliance with signal interlocking and speed restrictions. Automatic  5.2.2, 5.2.3(d), 5.3.2(c),
 Train   Train Protection (ATP) comprises of the sub-systems which provide the basic safety by way of  11.1.2(f), 13.1.2, 13.1.3,
 Protection   fail-safe  detection  of  dangerous  conditions  and  controlling  and  stopping  the  train  when  13.1.5(a),13.1.7(a,b),
 System (ATP)   required independent of any action by the driver when the train is being driven manually.  13.2.1, 13.2.2(a),
 ATP also ensures similar fail safe protection even when train is being driven automatically.   13.2.5(i), 13.3.1(b),
                                                13.4.1(c),
                                                13.4.9(g),13.4.10
 Automatic   Automatic  Train  Operation  (ATO)  which  comprises  of  sub-systems  which  can  enable  Annexure: G2
 Train   automatic operation of the train without any intervention by the driver except for closing of
 17
 Operation   the  train  doors.  ATO  obtains  the  safety  instructions  from  ATP  and  other  operational
 (ATO)   information from the ATS system automatically and runs the train as required.








 Annexure: G4: Glossary of Technical Terms for Signal Engineering Manual   Page 515 of 535
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